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Research Papers
Characterization of Bacterial Pathogens of the Urinary Tract in Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Mzuzu Central Hospital, Northern Malawi
This study examined UTIs and antibiotic resistance among 294 people with type 2 diabetes, identifying an 11% UTI prevalence that was significantly higher in those with mean blood sugar levels above 190 g/dl, traders, and individuals diagnosed for 5–10 years. E. coli (43.8%) was the most common pathogen and showed the highest resistance, including to third‑generation cephalosporins, with 62.5% confirmed as ESBL producers. These findings highlight a growing public health concern and emphasize the need for routine UTI screening, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and stronger anti
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Research Papers
Prevalence and associated determinants of oral health conditions among sicklers aged 10-18 in Western Kenya
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) contributes substantially to oral health problems among children in Kisumu County, where a cross-sectional study of 355 children aged 10–18 years found high rates of dental caries (40%) and plaque (98%), with most lesions untreated and nearly 70% exhibiting moderate to severe plaque. Limited dental care emerged as a major issue: 79.4% had never visited a dentist, only 6.2% had received professional cleaning, and 89.6% faced barriers such as cost and inaccessibility. Caries were significantly associated with poor facility access and personal motivation for oral healt
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Research Papers
Women’s Participation in Water Sanitation and Hygiene Projects and Associated Factors: A Case of Misungwi and Magu Districts
Women’s participation in WASH projects in Misungwi and Magu districts of Tanzania remains limited despite the critical role they play in promoting public health and sustainable development. This qualitative study, conducted through focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and a participation scorecard, found that women’s involvement is largely passive and heavily shaped by socio-cultural and structural barriers. Deeply rooted patriarchal norms, unequal household power relations, and the need for male permission restrict women’s ability to take part in decision-making, conf Read MoreResearch PapersSustaining HIV gains towards the UNAIDS 95 95 95 targets amid a shifting funding landscape in Sub Saharan Africa
Sub‑Saharan Africa has made major strides toward the UNAIDS 95‑95‑95 goals, but abrupt donor funding cuts—most notably the 2025 suspension of PEPFAR disbursements—now threaten hard‑won progress. A review of 15 studies and reports (2020–2025) shows that decreased financing is already disrupting HIV testing, ART initiation, and viral load monitoring through supply shortages, reduced outreach, and strained laboratory capacity, with projections of sharply rising infections and AIDS‑related deaths if unmitigated. The impacts are uneven, widening inequities between well‑resour Read MoreResearch PapersThe supply chain lens of the burden of antimicrobial resistance in Sub-Saharan Africa
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health challenge, with Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experiencing the highest mortality rates due to weak health systems, regulatory gaps, and widespread misuse of antimicrobials. While policy and clinical responses have been extensive, the role of pharmaceutical supply chains in exacerbating AMR remains underexplored. This study, using a narrative review and policy analysis, reveals that SSA’s pharmaceutical supply chains suffer from minimal local production, heavy reliance on imports, fragmented private distribution, and poor inventory ma Read MoreResearch PapersEffect of healthcare worker vs. non-health worker delivered health education on modern contraceptive uptake among women in Malawi: a quasi-experimental study
A quasi-experimental study in two Malawian districts compared health education delivered by health workers versus non-health workers on modern contraceptive uptake among 414 women aged 15–49. Uptake was slightly higher in the health worker group (45.3%) than the non-health worker group (41.8%), but the difference was not statistically significant (OR 1.45, 95% CI 0.74–2.89). Findings suggest non-health worker-delivered education can complement health workers in improving contraceptive use and reducing maternal and neonatal health risks. Read More
Research PapersImplementation of community case Malaria Journal Open Access management of malaria in malaria endemic counties of western Kenya: are community health volunteers up to the task in diagnosing malaria?
Early detection and prompt treatment of malaria are essential to reducing complications and saving lives. Adopting a combined strategy that delivers health services at both facility and community levels is crucial, especially since only about 70% of people in sub-Saharan Africa use public facilities as their first point of care for fever. Reaching people where they are ensures no one is left behind.Globally, limited human resources make the community-based approach a cost-effective and pro-poor solution for expanding healthcare access. Community health volunteers Read MoreResearch PapersAn exploration of clinical learning experiences of higher diploma nursing students at a tertiary referral hospital in Kenya
This study explored the clinical learning experiences of Higher Diploma nursing students at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya, aiming to understand challenges in translating theoretical knowledge into practice. Using a qualitative approach, the research identified three main thematic areas influencing student learning: personal challenges, inconsistent institutional support, and a challenging clinical learning environment. The study concludes that enhancing clinical learning requires tailored support systems, structured mentorship, and learner-centered policies to address these interconnected
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