Prevalence and risk factors associated with obstetric fistula among women of reproductive age in Bungoma, Kilifi and Kiambu Counties, Kenya

Female genital fistula (FGF) remains a major maternal health challenge in Kenya, with limited access to treatment despite a substantial disease burden. This cross-sectional study of 113 fistula survivors in Bungoma, Kiambu, and Kilifi counties found high levels of severe depression (66.2%), anxiety (51.3%), and suicidal thoughts (22.1%), largely driven by stigma and social exclusion. Many women faced barriers to skilled maternal care, including long distances to health facilities, while social isolation emerged as the most common coping mechanism. The findings underscore the need to strengthen maternal health services, raise community awareness, and expand integrated post-repair support, including psychosocial, economic, and reintegration programmes.

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