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Research Papers
The state of youth sexual and reproductive health problems and service utilisation in major towns of Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of reproductive health issues and service utilization among youths in 13 urban towns in Ethiopia, involving 1954 community youths and 1261 students from higher education institutions. Findings revealed that 35% of youths engaged in high-risk sexual behavior (HRSB), over 14% experienced unwanted pregnancies, and only 26.7% had used sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. Family planning (FP) usage among female youths was low at 26.4%. Service uptake was notably lower among unmarried youths, those aged 18–19, and individuals with limite
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Research Papers
The Relationship of Climate Change and Malaria Incidence in the Gambella Region, Ethiopia.
This study examined the relationship between climate variables and malaria incidence in Ethiopia’s Gambella region using 30 years of satellite-derived climate data and 10 years of malaria records. Employing autoregressive modeling, the analysis revealed significant upward trends in rainfall, relative humidity, and temperature, which correlated with increased malaria cases. Relative humidity had the strongest immediate and sustained impact on malaria incidence, while rainfall showed delayed effects and temperature had minimal influence. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating c
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Research Papers
Groundwater Suitability Mapping in Jimma and Borena Zones of Ethiopia Using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques
This study applied Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify groundwater potential zones in Ethiopia’s Jimma and Borena regions, where surface water is scarce. By analyzing hydrogeological factors such as lithology, slope, land use/land cover, drainage density, and recharge, the study produced suitability maps showing that only 4.6% of Jimma and 6.2% of Borena are highly suitable for groundwater development. Most areas in both zones were found to have low suitability due to topographic and geological constraints. Validat
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Research Papers
Gender disparities and barriers to access and use of essential health services in Ethiopia: Designing primary health care through gender lens.
This exploratory qualitative study investigated gender-related barriers to accessing maternal and child health (MCH) services in Ethiopia’s primary health care system, despite national efforts to improve health service delivery through the “Optimizing Ethiopian Health Extension Program” strategy. Conducted across nine districts with 221 participants, the study revealed that socio-cultural norms, gender power imbalances, and institutional gaps hinder women’s access to MCH services. Women’s heavy household workloads, limited decision-making power, and low male awareness of MCH needs fu
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Research Papers
Cost-Effectiveness of Youth-Friendly Health Services in Health Post Settings in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia
This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of implementing Youth-Friendly Health Services (YFHS) in rural health posts in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia, to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH). Using an ingredient-based costing approach and modeling health outcomes through disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted, the study found that YFHS reached nearly five times more adolescents than routine services and significantly improved health outcomes, including increased antenatal care and contraceptive use. The intervention averted 52.11 DALYs at an incremental cost-effectiveness
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Research Papers
The Vaccine Trust Framework: mixed-method development of a tool for understanding and quantifying trust in health systems and vaccines
This study developed and validated a contextually grounded Vaccine Trust Framework to better understand and measure trust in vaccines across low- and middle-income countries. Using an exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach, ethnographic research in Nigeria, Kenya, and Pakistan informed the creation of a framework encompassing four domains—health system promise, health system delivery, vaccine promise, and vaccine delivery—across 15 measurable dimensions. A nationally representative survey of caregivers in Kenya and Pakistan confirmed the framework’s validity, showing strong associ
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Research Papers
The impact and social return on investment (SROI) of health workforce training in fragile, conflict-affected settings—a study of the Maridi Health Sciences Institute (MHSI) in South Sudan
This study evaluated the long-term social impact of pre-service health workforce training at Maridi Health Sciences Institute (MHSI) in South Sudan, particularly in fragile and conflict-affected settings. Using Social Return on Investment (SROI) analysis, researchers gathered data from 596 respondents through literature reviews, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The study found that MHSI significantly benefited graduates, communities, and government stakeholders, with improved professionalism, healthcare access, and sustained outcomes lasting over five years. The SROI rati
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Research Papers
Facilitators and barriers of Community Case management of Malaria implementation in Homabay, Busia and Kakamega Counties, Kenya
This mixed-methods study assessed the facilitators and barriers to the uptake of Community Case Management of malaria (CCMm) in Kenya, where trained community health volunteers (CHVs) provide malaria diagnosis and treatment at the household level. Among 528 surveyed households, 72% had received malaria services, and 85% expressed satisfaction with CHV services. Key facilitators included availability of malaria commodities, functional referral systems, and support supervision. However, barriers such as stockouts of diagnostic kits and antimalarials, myths about mosquito nets, and poor road acce
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